ABSTRACT
Objective To analyse the status and related factors of physical development of ninth grade students in China,so as to provide reference and scientific basis for the development of adolescent’ physical health promotion programs.Methods Multiple linear regression and binomial Logistic regression models were used to analyse the data from 7 840 ninth grade students in the 2016 China Education Panel Survey.Results There were differences in the distribution of height and weight between urban and rural and between boys and girls.From the age of 14 to 16,boys were taller and heavier than girls(height cm：171.69±6.95 vs 161.54±5.58, weight kg：60.43±13.19 vs 53.21±11.69), and urban students were taller and heavier than rural students(height cm：167.93±8.16 vs 165.80±7.94；weight kg：58.18±13.16 vs 55.94±12.78). The rate of physical fitness of boys was lower than that of girls(51.8% vs 87.8%), and that of urban boys was lower than that of rural boys(45.7% vs 58.9%), and that of urban girls was higher than that of rural girls(92.0% vs 84.6%). The average age of first spermatorrhea was 13.62±1.23 years for boys and 12.87±1.07 years for girls. Sexual development of urban students appeared earlier than rural students. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that height and weight were related to bring single-child and sleep time. Height was also related to parents’height, nationality, family economic level and exercise time, weight was also related to parents’ weight (all P<0.05). Binomial Logistic regression analysis showed that physical fitness level was related to gender, nationality, nutritional status, weight, high calorie intake, exercise time, etc (all P<0.05). Correlative factors of male first spermatorrhea were nationality, urban residence, singleton , sleep time, physical fitness level, while female menarche was related to exercise time, lunch spot and nutritional status (all P<0.05). Conclusions Comprehensive efforts and cooperation are needed to promote the normal development and physical health of the students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the trends and risk factors of overweight and obesity in Chinese middle school students. Methods Data from the China Education Panel Survey conducted in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were used (8 616, 8 762, 7 614; age range 11-18 years old). Overweight and obesity were defined according to Chinese sex-age-specific body mass index (BMI) cutoffs. Relationships between risk factors and BMI, overweight and obesity were tested, using linear regression and logistic regression models. Results The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity in 2016 was 15.3% (17.9% in boys, 12.6% in girls). From 2014 to 2016, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was increasing steadily. After adjusting for age and sex in 2016, being only-child, self-perceived being overweight or obese, or living in urban area were associated with higher BMI (β(SE)=0.23(0.10), β(SE)=2.83(0.14), β(SE)=0.23(0.11), respectively). Self-perceived being overweight or obese was associated with overweight and obesity (OR=4.20, 95% CI: 2.97-5.40). Conclusions Overweight and obesity rates among Chinese middle school students increased steadily from 2014 to 2016. Efforts should be made on childhood obesity prevention and control, especially target at those being only-child, living in urban areas.